In this blog you are going to get news & views about recent achievements of Modi Govt with various ministries. You will get this news and views in form of UPSC questions so it is both ways useful.
You can prepare for UPSC Prelims also and you can get general knowledge about Modi Govt Yojana and schemes also.
So, give it a glance it will be useful both ways. You can give your views and questions in the comment also.
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare – UPSC-Style Q&A
Q1. What is the aim of the PM-KISAN Yojana under this ministry?
A: To provide ₹6,000 per year as income support to farmers in three equal installments to help them with agricultural needs and inputs.
Q2. What is the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)?
A: A crop insurance scheme that offers financial support to farmers against crop failure due to natural calamities, pests, and diseases.
Q3. What are Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs)?
A: Frontline agricultural extension centers managed by ICAR to transfer technologies, train farmers, and support rural development.
Q4. What is the role of e-NAM?
A: The Electronic National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) integrates mandis across India to provide a transparent online trading platform for farmers.
Q5. What has been the recent initiative under natural/organic farming?
A: The “Bhartiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati” (BPKP) was introduced to promote traditional and natural farming methods.
Q6. What is the Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY-RAFTAAR)?
A: A centrally sponsored scheme aimed at holistic agricultural development and agri-entrepreneurship through start-up incubation and funding.
Q7. How is this ministry integrating climate resilience in agriculture?
A: Through the National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) program and promotion of water-efficient crops and irrigation.
Q8. What is the objective of the PM-AASHA scheme?
A: To ensure remunerative prices to farmers through price support, price deficiency payment, and private procurement mechanisms.
Q9. What digital initiatives has the ministry launched recently?
A: AgriStack, a digital database of farmers and farm activities; and the Kisan Saarthi app for farm advisory services.
Q10. What are the major challenges faced by this ministry today?
A: Fragmented land holdings, low productivity, climate vulnerability, post-harvest losses, and market access issues.
Ministry of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries – UPSC-related Q&A
Q1. What is the main objective of the Rashtriya Gokul Mission?
A: To develop and conserve indigenous bovine breeds, enhance milk production, and improve productivity through scientific management of livestock.
Q2. What is the significance of the National Animal Disease Control Programme (NADCP)?
A: It aims to eradicate Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis in livestock by 2030 through 100% vaccination coverage.
Q3. What does the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) aim to achieve?
A: A holistic development of the fisheries sector, increasing fish production and doubling fishers’ income through modernization and infrastructure support.
Q4. What is the role of the National Livestock Mission (NLM)?
A: It supports entrepreneurship development and breed improvement in sheep, goat, poultry, and pig farming.
Q5. How does this ministry contribute to the rural economy?
A: By promoting allied agricultural activities like dairy, poultry, and fishery which provide non-seasonal income and employment in rural areas.
Q6. What are the achievements of the dairy sector under this ministry in the past decade?
A: India became the largest milk producer in the world; cooperative milk marketing networks expanded under Operation Flood legacy and NDDB initiatives.
Q7. How does the Blue Revolution link to this ministry?
A: It refers to the increase in fish production through sustainable aquaculture and inland fisheries; PMMSY is a key continuation of Blue Revolution goals.
Q8. What role does this ministry play in animal health infrastructure?
A: It is upgrading disease diagnostic labs, establishing mobile veterinary units, and promoting animal biosecurity via NADCP and AHIDF.
Q9. What is the Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF)?
A: A ₹15,000 crore fund to attract private sector investment in animal husbandry infrastructure like dairy processing, cold chains, and feed plants.
Q10. What are key challenges in this sector?
A: Disease outbreaks, lack of cold storage, limited value addition, inadequate veterinary infrastructure, and poor access to markets for small farmers.
Ministry of AYUSH – UPSC-related Q&A
Q1. What is the mandate of the Ministry of AYUSH?
A: To develop education, research, and propagation of Indian systems of medicine including Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy.
Q2. What is the AYUSH Health and Wellness Centre initiative?
A: Part of the Ayushman Bharat program, it aims to establish 12,500 AYUSH-based wellness centers across India for preventive, promotive, and curative care.
Q3. What is the role of the National AYUSH Mission (NAM)?
A: It promotes cost-effective AYUSH services, strengthens educational systems, and enhances AYUSH drug quality control infrastructure.
Q4. What has been the global outreach of this ministry?
A: The ministry has signed MoUs with 24+ countries and set up AYUSH Information Cells abroad; International Day of Yoga (21st June) was adopted by the UN.
Q5. What is the significance of the ‘Ayurveda Aahar’ regulations by FSSAI?
A: These enable the integration of Ayurveda-based food formulations into mainstream nutrition, boosting the AYUSH-based health product market.
Q6. What reforms have been brought to AYUSH education?
A: NCISM and NCH were created as apex bodies to standardize education, accreditation, and research in AYUSH disciplines.
Q7. How is the ministry promoting evidence-based AYUSH research?
A: Through the CCRAS, CCRH, and other councils which fund clinical trials, digital health platforms, and traditional knowledge documentation.
Q8. What is the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission’s relevance to AYUSH?
A: AYUSH hospitals and practitioners are being integrated into the digital health records system under ABDM to provide seamless, holistic care.
Q9. What are recent achievements in the AYUSH sector?
A: Record exports of AYUSH products, creation of an AYUSH visa category for wellness tourism, and growing global demand for yoga and Ayurveda during/post-COVID.
Q10. What challenges are faced by the AYUSH sector?
A: Skepticism about scientific validity, uneven standards across states, lack of integration with mainstream health systems, and limited insurance coverage.
Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers – UPSC-Related Q&A
Q1. What are the key responsibilities of this ministry?
A: It oversees the production, pricing, and distribution of fertilizers, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals to support agriculture and public health.
Q2. What is the Nutrient-Based Subsidy (NBS) Scheme?
A: It provides fixed per-kg subsidies on nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in fertilizers, promoting balanced fertilizer use.
Q3. What is PM-PRANAM scheme and its objective?
A: PM-PRANAM incentivizes states to promote alternative nutrients and reduce chemical fertilizer use, linking benefits to actual fertilizer savings.
Q4. What is the role of the Department of Pharmaceuticals under this ministry?
A: It formulates policies and schemes to promote affordable medicines, indigenous drug manufacturing, and pharmaceutical R&D.
Q5. What is the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme for pharmaceuticals?
A: It incentivizes domestic manufacturing of high-value products, APIs, and drug intermediates to reduce import dependence.
Q6. What is the significance of the PMBJP (Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana)?
A: It provides affordable generic medicines through over 10,000 Janaushadhi Kendras across India, making healthcare accessible and reducing out-of-pocket expenses.
Q7. What are the achievements in urea production reforms?
A: Revival of closed fertilizer plants (e.g., Ramagundam, Gorakhpur), promotion of nano urea, and neem-coating to curb diversion and improve efficiency.
Q8. What is the role of the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA)?
A: NPPA controls the prices of essential medicines to ensure their availability at affordable rates under the Drug Price Control Order.
Q9. What is the government doing to reduce import dependence in the chemical sector?
A: Promoting petrochemical clusters, specialty chemicals R&D, and increasing domestic capacity for key raw materials like methanol and acetic acid.
Q10. What challenges remain in this sector?
A: Heavy import reliance for bulk drugs/APIs, environmental impact of fertilizer/chemical plants, and quality assurance issues in generics.
Ministry of Civil Aviation – UPSC-Style Q&A
Q1. What is the mandate of the Ministry of Civil Aviation?
A: To regulate civil aviation in India, ensure safe air transport, promote infrastructure, and develop air connectivity for economic growth.
Q2. What is the UDAN scheme and its impact?
A: UDAN (Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik) aims to make air travel affordable and connect tier-2/tier-3 cities. Over 450 routes have been operationalized, enhancing regional connectivity.
Q3. What are the achievements under the Regional Connectivity Scheme (RCS)?
A: 76 underserved/unserved airports and heliports have been connected, and over 1 crore passengers have benefited under RCS since its launch in 2017.
Q4. What is the DigiYatra initiative?
A: DigiYatra uses facial recognition for seamless, contactless airport entry and boarding, improving ease and speed of travel.
Q5. What is the role of the Airports Authority of India (AAI)?
A: AAI develops, maintains, and manages civil aviation infrastructure and air traffic services across India.
Q6. What is the International UDAN component?
A: It supports Indian carriers operating on international routes from smaller Indian cities, helping internationalize regional hubs.
Q7. What is the Greenfield Airport Policy?
A: It allows private and public investments in developing new airports under PPP mode. Notable examples include Jewar (Noida), Navi Mumbai, and Mopa (Goa).
Q8. What is being done to increase airport capacity?
A: Massive airport modernization projects are ongoing. India now has over 150 operational airports, with plans to increase to 220 by 2025.
Q9. What is the PLI Scheme’s relevance to civil aviation?
A: A PLI scheme supports indigenous manufacturing of drones and drone components under Make in India, boosting the aviation ecosystem.
Q10. What challenges are faced by the aviation sector in India?
A: High ATF taxes, airline financial instability, congestion at major airports, and slow aircraft manufacturing capabilities are key issues.
Ministry of Coal – UPSC-Style Q&A
Q1. What is the core mandate of the Ministry of Coal?
A: To ensure the exploration, development, and optimal use of coal and lignite resources in India, ensuring energy security and supply to core industries like power and steel.
Q2. What is the Commercial Coal Mining initiative?
A: Launched in 2020, it allows private players to mine and sell coal in the open market, ending Coal India’s monopoly and increasing competition and efficiency.
Q3. What reforms were introduced under the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act amendments?
A: The amendments enabled private sector participation, auction of coal blocks for commercial use, and simplification of clearances for quicker operationalization.
Q4. What is the significance of Coal India Limited (CIL)?
A: CIL is the world’s largest coal producer and contributes over 80% of India’s domestic coal production, playing a key role in meeting thermal power demand.
Q5. What are the ministry’s achievements in boosting coal production?
A: India’s coal production has crossed 900 million tonnes annually, with record output by CIL and increased availability of domestic coal for power plants.
Q6. What is the “Single Window Clearance System” (SWCS)?
A: A digital platform to streamline approvals and clearances for coal mining operations, reducing bureaucratic delays and attracting investment.
Q7. What is the role of the Sustainable Development Cell (SDC)?
A: SDC ensures environmentally sustainable mining by promoting afforestation, mine reclamation, and monitoring emissions from coal activities.
Q8. What initiatives promote eco-friendly coal usage?
A: The ministry promotes coal gasification, coal to methanol projects, and cleaner mining technologies to reduce environmental impact.
Q9. What is the relevance of the MDO (Mine Developer-cum-Operator) model?
A: This model allows private firms to operate coal mines on behalf of government companies, increasing production efficiency and reducing delays.
Q10. What are the challenges in the coal sector?
A: Land acquisition delays, environmental concerns, logistics bottlenecks, and the need to balance energy needs with green transition goals.
Ministry of Commerce and Industry – UPSC-Style Q&A
Q1. What is the main mandate of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry?
A: To formulate and implement policies for trade, industrial growth, export promotion, FDI, and enhancing India’s role in global trade.
Q2. What is the significance of the Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) 2023?
A: FTP 2023 focuses on digital trade facilitation, ease of doing business, district export promotion, and moving toward a ₹40 trillion export economy.
Q3. What is the role of the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)?
A: DPIIT oversees startup promotion, industrial policy, investment facilitation, and infrastructure like industrial corridors and logistics parks.
Q4. What is the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme’s role under the ministry?
A: The PLI scheme incentivizes manufacturing in sectors like electronics, pharma, textiles, and white goods, boosting domestic production and exports.
Q5. What is “One District One Product” (ODOP)?
A: ODOP identifies unique products from each district for promotion in global markets, enhancing rural entrepreneurship and exports.
Q6. What is the role of the Invest India initiative?
A: Invest India acts as the national investment promotion and facilitation agency, providing handholding to investors and promoting India as a business hub.
Q7. What are India’s recent achievements in export growth?
A: India’s merchandise exports crossed $770 billion in 2022-23, with record-high services exports and diversification into non-traditional markets.
Q8. What is the PM Gati Shakti Master Plan?
A: An integrated infrastructure initiative to improve logistics efficiency, reduce costs, and speed up industrial movement across India.
Q9. How does the Startup India mission contribute to the economy?
A: With over 1 lakh registered startups, India is the world’s 3rd largest startup ecosystem, creating jobs and attracting global capital.
Q10. What are the ministry’s trade negotiations priorities?
A: India is negotiating FTAs with the EU, UK, and Canada, while already having signed agreements with UAE and Australia to enhance global market access.
Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution – UPSC-Style Q&A
Department of Consumer Affairs
Q1. What is the objective of the “One Nation One Ration Card” (ONORC) scheme?
A:
To enable migrant beneficiaries to access their ration entitlements from any Fair Price Shop (FPS) across India using their existing ration card and Aadhaar authentication.
Q2. What is the role of the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) under this ministry?
A:
BIS is the national standards body that develops quality standards, issues ISI marks, and certifies products to ensure consumer protection and quality assurance.
Q3. What is the “Price Monitoring and Resource Unit (PMRU)”?
A:
A state-level initiative that collects and analyzes retail price data of essential commodities to prevent price spikes and inform policy interventions.
Q4. What is the “Consumer Protection Act, 2019” known for?
A:
It introduced provisions like e-filing of complaints, product liability, mediation, and stricter regulation of misleading ads, to enhance consumer rights.
Q5. What platform has been created for quick redressal of consumer complaints?
A:
The E-Daakhil Portal, which enables digital filing and tracking of consumer complaints.
Department of Food and Public Distribution
Q6. What is the main aim of the National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013?
A:
To provide subsidized food grains (rice, wheat, coarse grains) to nearly 75% of the rural and 50% of the urban population through Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS).
Q7. What are the major reforms made under PDS modernization?
A:
- Aadhaar seeding of ration cards
- Installation of ePoS devices in FPSs
- End-to-end computerization
- ONORC portability for beneficiaries
Q8. What is the role of the Food Corporation of India (FCI) under this ministry?
A:
To procure, store, transport, and distribute food grains for NFSA and maintain buffer stocks for food security.
Q9. What is the significance of the “Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana” (PMGKAY)?
A:
It provided 5 kg of free food grains per person/month to NFSA beneficiaries during COVID-19, extended to 2024 under the free ration policy.
Q10. What steps has the ministry taken to reduce foodgrain wastage?
A:
- Building modern silos for storage
- Implementing scientific warehousing practices
- Strengthening supply chain logistics
- Promoting decentralized procurement
Ministry of Communications – UPSC Prelims Q&A
Department of Telecommunications (DoT)
Q1. What is the BharatNet Project and what is its significance?
A:
- It aims to provide high-speed broadband to all 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats through optical fiber.
- World’s largest rural broadband project under the Digital India program.
- Helps bridge the digital divide in rural India.
Q2. What is the PM-WANI scheme and why is it important?
A:
- PM-WANI (Prime Minister Wi-Fi Access Network Interface) aims to provide public Wi-Fi through PDOs (Public Data Offices) without license fees.
- Boosts internet access in rural and semi-urban areas.
- Encourages small entrepreneurs and improves digital inclusion.
Q3. What reforms have been introduced under the Telecom Sector Reforms 2021?
A:
- Rationalization of AGR (Adjusted Gross Revenue) definition.
- Moratorium on spectrum dues.
- 100% FDI via automatic route.
- Encourages investment and reduces stress in telecom sector.
Q4. What is the role of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI)?
A:
- Ensures transparency and fair play in telecom tariffs and service quality.
- Regulates interconnection, number portability, and consumer grievances.
- Advises the government on telecom policy and spectrum pricing.
Q5. How has India progressed in 5G rollout under this ministry?
A:
- 5G services launched in 2022; rapidly expanding across metros and Tier-2 cities.
- Domestic manufacturing and trials supported via PLI scheme.
- ‘100 5G labs’ initiative launched to build innovation in 5G use-cases.
Department of Posts
Q6. What is the India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) and how is it different from regular banks?
A:
- IPPB is a payments bank launched by India Post to offer basic banking services.
- Offers doorstep banking through postal network.
- Cannot lend money, but allows deposits up to ₹2 lakh, money transfers, and bill payments.
Q7. What is the Digital India initiative’s impact on postal services?
A:
- Core Banking Solution (CBS) implemented in over 23,000 post offices.
- ATMs, mobile banking, and internet banking enabled.
- Promotes financial inclusion and modernizes postal network.
Q8. What is the Deen Dayal SPARSH Yojana?
A:
- A philately scholarship scheme to promote stamp collecting among school children.
- Provides annual scholarships to students showing interest in philately.
Q9. How has the eCommerce sector been supported by India Post?
A:
- India Post provides last-mile delivery services to eCommerce platforms, especially in rural areas.
- Parcel hubs and logistics centers upgraded to support B2C delivery.
Q10. What is the DakPay app and what services does it provide?
A:
Extends digital banking to rural users using postal network.
A digital payment app by IPPB and DoP.
Offers UPI, bill payments, money transfer, and banking services.
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